The imposing and austere Rocca Maggiore fortress overlooks the historical city center of Assisi, the Tescio River’s narrow ravine standing below and a large part of the Umbrian Valley, which extends from Perugia to Spoleto. Visiting its structure provides the opportunity to observe a significant example of still well preserved 14th century military architecture, and at the same time to enjoy one of the most suggestive panoramas of Umbria.
The first historical records of this fortified structure date back to 1173-1174, when Christian, Archbishop of Mainz, sacked Assisi on behalf of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. In 1198, a popular uprising tore down the Fortress.
Tradition says that on this occasion the townspeople kicked out Conrad I von Urslingen, the Duke of Spoleto, together with the little Frederick II, who at the time was only four years old. What remained of the fortress remained neglected until 1362, when Cardinal Gil Albornoz decided to rebuild it over the ancient German fortifications.
