Santorini, the dazzling gem of the Aegean, is as renowned for its wines as it is for its mesmerizing sunsets and architectural wonders. The island's volcanic soil, unique microclimate, and age-old viticulture practices contribute to the exceptional quality of its wines.
Ancient Roots of Winemaking
The evidence of Santorini's winemaking history can be traced back to the prehistoric settlement of Akrotiri, indicating that viticulture has been a key aspect of local life for millennia.
The Terroir: Volcanic Elixir
Layers of volcanic ash, pumice, and solidified lava make up the island's unique soil, referred to locally as "aspa." This unconventional terroir is one reason the wines possess such distinctive characteristics. Terraces constructed from petrified lava stones not only protect against erosion but also help retain moisture.
Organic by Nature
Santorini's vineyards thrive in what might appear to be inhospitable conditions. The warm sun and Aegean winds naturally mitigate issues such as mold and rot, thereby minimizing the need for chemical interventions. The grapes are cultivated in low, basket-like vines known as "kouloura," designed to shield the fruit from wind and sun, making the vineyards nearly organic by default.
Grape Varieties: Quality over Quantity
The island's limited acreage yields a small but highly valued grape harvest. Among the notable grape varieties are:
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Assyrtiko: This is the star of Santorini's viticulture, accounting for 80% of all plantings. Assyrtiko wines are renowned for their minerality and high acidity.
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Athiri: Often blended with Assyrtiko, Athiri wines are aromatic and high in alcohol content.
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Aidani: This grape is primarily used in the production of Vinsanto, contributing its floral aromas to the wine.
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Mavrotragano: An indigenous red grape, Mavrotragano wines are rich in phenolic compounds and age exceptionally well.
VQPRD Wines
Santorini produces three wines granted the status of VQPRD (Vin de Qualité Produit Dans Une Région Déterminée):
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Santorini Assyrtiko: A crisp and mineral-driven white wine.
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Nykteri: An oaked, high-alcohol white wine traditionally made at night, as its name suggests.
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Vinsanto: A sumptuous, sun-dried grape wine aged for many years, Vinsanto is the island's iconic dessert wine.
Wineries & Tasting Tours
Today, many of Santorini’s wineries are not just production facilities but also serve as museums and tasting centers. A visit to one of these wineries is a delightful journey through the island’s viticultural history, and an opportunity to savor wines that are as enchanting as the island itself.
So, when in Santorini, don’t just feast your eyes on the sunsets—treat your palate to its legendary wines. Cheers!